Religious Freedom Day, observed on January 16, commemorates the Virginia General Assembly's adoption of the Virginia Statute for Religious Freedom in 1786. Written by Thomas Jefferson, the statute declared that people should be free to hold their own beliefs without government interference. Each year, the President issues a proclamation for the day, and schools and community groups use it to learn about the freedoms protected by the First Amendment.
History of Religious Freedom Day
In colonial Virginia, the Church of England was the official established church, supported by taxes. People who belonged to other faiths, such as Baptists and Presbyterians, faced restrictions and sometimes jail.
Thomas Jefferson drafted the Virginia Statute for Religious Freedom in 1777. It argued that forcing people to support a religion they did not believe in was wrong, and that civil rights should not depend on religious opinions. With strong support from James Madison, the Virginia General Assembly passed the statute on January 16, 1786. Jefferson was so proud of it that he asked for it to be mentioned on his gravestone, along with the Declaration of Independence and the founding of the University of Virginia.
The statute influenced the First Amendment to the U.S. Constitution, ratified in 1791, which protects the free exercise of religion and prohibits an established national religion. Congress passed a resolution recognizing Religious Freedom Day in 1992, and presidents have issued proclamations each year since 1993.
Why Religious Freedom Day Matters
Religious freedom protects people of all faiths, and people of no faith, to believe and practice as they choose. It is one of the foundations of a diverse, democratic society.
The day also encourages respect and understanding between people with different beliefs.
How to Celebrate Religious Freedom Day
- Read the statute: Jefferson's text is short and available online.
- Learn about the First Amendment: explore the two religion clauses and what they protect.
- Visit a museum: learn more at historic sites such as Monticello.
- Attend an interfaith event: many communities host gatherings that bring faiths together.
- Teach respectfully: talk with children about respecting different beliefs.
Celebrating at Work, School and Home
At work, organizations can share a short note about the history of religious freedom and remind staff about policies for religious accommodation, such as time off for holidays. In schools, Religious Freedom Day is a valuable civics lesson; the U.S. Department of Education provides guidance on how students may express their beliefs at school, and teachers can explore the First Amendment through primary sources and debates. Lessons should focus on rights and history rather than promoting any faith. At home, families can talk about how different religions and traditions are celebrated in their community, read about historical figures who fought for freedom of conscience, or visit a local historic site.
Fun Facts About Religious Freedom Day
- The Virginia General Assembly passed the statute on January 16, 1786.
- Jefferson listed the statute on his own gravestone.
- Presidents have proclaimed Religious Freedom Day each year since 1993.
Religious Freedom Day FAQs
When is Religious Freedom Day?
Religious Freedom Day is January 16.
What is the Virginia Statute for Religious Freedom?
A 1786 Virginia law, written by Thomas Jefferson, that ended the state's established church and protected freedom of belief.
How is it connected to the First Amendment?
The statute influenced the First Amendment's protections for religious freedom, ratified in 1791.
Is Religious Freedom Day a federal holiday?
No. It is a national observance proclaimed by the President each year.